2020-3-7 · Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB), Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) and Bunch Ash (BA) were provided by VATA VM Synergy Sdn. Bhd, which was obtained upon harvesting the palm oil from the fruits. The EFB and POME are mixed in 1:1 mass ratio with reference to the study made by Hayawin, Astimar, Anis, Ibrahim, Khalil and Ibrahim [ 2 ].